Bioökonomie International 2015: MOPSACI: Monokaryotische Stämme von Pleurotus sapidus zur Gewinnung natürlicher Produkte mit biologischer Aktivität aus Nebenströmen der Citrus-Industrie, Teilprojekt A

Aim: Valorisation of side-streams of the Citrus industry using the genetic diversity of monokarya from the basidiomycete Pleurotus sapidus. The genetic diversity of the basidiospores of Pleurotus sapidus (MKs) obtained from two dikaryotic strains of P. sapidus (Dk421 and Dk3174) will be exploited. Mks with high growth rate on milled Citrus peel, pulp and seed of orange, tangerine, lemon will be selected and grown as solid state and submerged fermentation (SF). Metabolites will be extracted and evaluated for biological activities. Samples before and after the fungal transformation taken from SSF and SF cultures will be analysed. Rapid product analyses using TLC and established coupled HPLC-DAD-ELSD will focus on the most promising strains. Specific targets are flavonoids with an increased number of hydroxyl groups on the B-ring, - or - unsaturated carbonyls, and terpenoids from the oxo-functionalisation of limonene, citronellal and farnesene isomers. High resolution and multi-dimensional GC-MS and multireaction monitoring (varying MS collision energies) will be used. Extracts from various strain/culture combinations (SSF or SF) will be lyophilized and milled. One fraction of each sample will be tested for its biopesticide action, and another one for its quality as feed supplement. Five and 150 L fermenters will be operated to scale-up the results. SSF will be carried out in a rotary drum solid-substrate fermentation system. The project is comprised of seven major work packages: 1. Generation and selection of the monokaryons (CITER) 2. Growth of the monokaryons (CITER) 3. Selection of the optimal culture conditions to obtain bioactive compounds using the selected Mk form step 2. (CITER, LUH, JLU, JUB) 4. Analytical evaluation of the biotransformation/conversion products (LUH, JLU) 5. Automated screening of Mks by chiral GC-GC (JLU) 6. Bioactivity test of crude extracts obtained from SSF and SF (IMBIV, IIB) 7. Bioprocess design and scale-up (JLU, JUB)